'Change a router into an adapter

I ask this question out of curiosity and because I have it. But is there a way that I can change a normal WiFi router into an adapter? Okay to be really precise in my question: I mean that can I take the antennas out of the router and somehow give it the USB port thingy and then plug it onto my computer so that I can access WiFi networks over longer distances? Kind of like getting yourself an external WiFi adapter. I wanted to do something with my old router before I gave up on it. PS: its a TP-Link



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