'What do we mean by Sanity Check in Salesforce Change Set Development Model?

I was going through one of the modules on Trailhead (link given below), where it was mentioned about Sanity Check. I am not a tester and hence don't have any idea about Sanity Check. I have searched about it on Google but I am unable to get the meaning.

Can anyone please explain the meaning of a Sanity check, in the process of Change Set Development model?

https://trailhead.salesforce.com/content/learn/modules/declarative-change-set-development/test-in-the-integration-environment-and-deploy-changes?trailmix_creator_id=strailhead&trailmix_slug=prepare-for-your-salesforce-platform-app-builder-credential

changeset sanity-check

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'What do we mean by Sanity Check in Salesforce Change Set Development Model?

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