'Mocha tests with 'esm' support for native ES6 modules

There is great post "Testing native ES modules using Mocha and esm" of Alex Gibson. Thanks him.

I've tried to use mocha with native ES modules support in my project and I had 2 different errors:

$ ./node_modules/mocha/bin/mocha --require esm './test/Util.test.js'

TypeError [ERR_VM_DYNAMIC_IMPORT_CALLBACK_MISSING]: A dynamic import callback was not specified.
    at exports.importModuleDynamicallyCallback (internal/process/esm_loader.js:41:9)
    at formattedImport (/.../node_modules/mocha/lib/esm-utils.js:6:23)
    at Object.exports.requireOrImport (/.../node_modules/mocha/lib/esm-utils.js:23:14)
    at Object.exports.loadFilesAsync (/.../node_modules/mocha/lib/esm-utils.js:33:34)
    at Mocha.loadFilesAsync (/.../node_modules/mocha/lib/mocha.js:427:19)
    ...

$ /usr/bin/node /.../node_modules/mocha/bin/mocha -r esm --ui bdd --reporter \ 
  /.../PhpStorm/plugins/NodeJS/js/mocha-intellij/lib/mochaIntellijReporter.js \ 
  /.../test/Util.test.js

TypeError: Invalid host defined options
    at formattedImport (/.../node_modules/mocha/lib/esm-utils.js:6:23)
    at Object.exports.requireOrImport (/.../node_modules/mocha/lib/esm-utils.js:23:14)
    at Object.exports.loadFilesAsync (/.../node_modules/mocha/lib/esm-utils.js:33:34)
    at Mocha.loadFilesAsync (/.../node_modules/mocha/lib/mocha.js:427:19)
    ...

Solution 1:^[1]

UPDATE: I think the reason for the error is a conflict between --require esm option in mocha arguments and other methods of indicating that sources are ES6 modules (*.mjs or type option in package.json). My current tests have .mjs extensions and the same error is occured without "type": "module" in package.json

old staff

I've looked up for the reason and this is the reason - my own package.json:

"type": "module"

Note from nodejs.org:

Node.js treats JavaScript code as CommonJS modules by default. Authors can tell Node.js to treat JavaScript code as ECMAScript modules via the .mjs file extension, the package.json "type" field, or the --input-type flag.

Just remove "type": "module" from your package.json and mocha will run tests with esm support as described in Alex Gibson's post.

This is my test repo with code to try: flancer64/so_mocha_esm

Solution 2:^[2]

From what I learned in the past 2 hours:

package.json

{
    "type": "module"
}

tsconfig.json

{
    "compilerOptions": {
        "module": "esnext",
        "moduleResolution": "node",
    }
}

.mocharc.json

{
    "node-option": [
        "experimental-specifier-resolution=node",
        "loader=ts-node/esm"
    ]
}

Solution 3:^[3]

this on works for me

"test": "mocha --require ts-node/register './src/test/**/*.ts'"

Solution 4:^[4]

I have found the solution after a countless number of experiments and DuckDuckGo searches :)

mocha --loader=ts-node/esm 'test/**/*.{ts,js}'

P.S. https://github.com/TypeStrong/ts-node/issues/1007

Solution 5:^[5]

Came across same issue and figured out that I only have these options to make it work.

Downgrade mocha version from 9.x.x to 8.3.0, as suggested by @RemiX here, or
Add experimental-specifier-resolution=node with loader=ts-node/esm in your mocharc.node-option as suggesteed in this gist

Hope that helps

Sources

This article follows the attribution requirements of Stack Overflow and is licensed under CC BY-SA 3.0.

Source: Stack Overflow

Solution	Source
Solution 1
Solution 2	Henry Ruhs
Solution 3	cool_code
Solution 4	Ali Ch
Solution 5	Fery W

'Mocha tests with 'esm' support for native ES6 modules

Solution 1:[1]

old staff

Solution 2:[2]

package.json

tsconfig.json

.mocharc.json

Solution 3:[3]

Solution 4:[4]

Solution 5:[5]