How to toggle boolean state of a React component?

Question

I'd like to know how to toggle a boolean state of a React component. For instance:

I have a boolean state check in the constructor of my component:

constructor(props, context) { 
   super(props, context);

   this.state = {
      check: false
   };
};

I am trying to toggle the state each time my checkbox is clicked, using the this.setState method:

<label>
  <input
    type=checkbox"
    value="check"
    onChange={(e) => this.setState({check: !check.value})}
  />
  Checkbox
</label>

Of course I get a Uncaught ReferenceError: check is not defined. So how can I achieve this?

Answer 1

You should use this.state.check instead of check.value here:

this.setState({check: !this.state.check})

But anyway it is bad practice to do it this way. Much better to move it to separate method and don't write callbacks directly in markup.

Upd: As pointed out in comments this approach might lead to unexpected results since React's state is asynchronous. The correct way in this case will be to use callback:

this.setState(({ check }) => ({ check: !check }));

Answer 2

Here's an example using hooks (requires React >= 16.8.0)

// import React, { useState } from 'react';
const { useState } = React;

function App() {
  const [checked, setChecked] = useState(false);
  const toggleChecked = () => setChecked(value => !value);
  return (
    <input
      type="checkbox"
      checked={checked}
      onChange={toggleChecked}
    />
  );
}

const rootElement = document.getElementById("root");
ReactDOM.render(<App />, rootElement);

<script crossorigin src="https://unpkg.com/react@16/umd/react.development.js"></script>
<script crossorigin src="https://unpkg.com/react-dom@16/umd/react-dom.development.js"></script>

<div id="root"><div>

Answer 3

Use checked to get the value. During onChange, checked will be true and it will be a type of boolean.

Hope this helps!

class A extends React.Component {
  constructor() {
    super()
    this.handleCheckBox = this.handleCheckBox.bind(this)
    this.state = {
      checked: false
    }
  }
  
  handleCheckBox(e) {
    this.setState({
      checked: e.target.checked
    })
  }
  
  render(){
    return <input type="checkbox" onChange={this.handleCheckBox} checked={this.state.checked} />
  }
}

ReactDOM.render(<A/>, document.getElementById('app'))

<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/15.1.0/react.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/react/15.1.0/react-dom.min.js"></script>
<div id="app"></div>

Answer 4

Try:

<label><input type=checkbox" value="check" onChange = {(e) => this.setState({check: !this.state.check.value})}/> Checkbox </label>

Using check: !check.value means it is looking for the check object, which you haven't declared.

You need to specify that you want the opposite value of this.state.check.

Answer 5

You could also use React's useState hook to declare local state for a function component. The initial state of the variable toggled has been passed as an argument to the method .useState.

import { render } from 'react-dom';
import React from "react";

type Props = {
  text: string,
  onClick(event: React.MouseEvent<HTMLButtonElement>): void,
};

export function HelloWorldButton(props: Props) {
  const [toggled, setToggled] = React.useState(false); // returns a stateful value, and a function to update it
  return <button
  onClick={(event) => {
    setToggled(!toggled);
    props.onClick(event);
  }}
  >{props.text} (toggled: {toggled.toString()})</button>;
}


render(<HelloWorldButton text='Hello World' onClick={() => console.log('clicked!')} />, document.getElementById('root'));

https://stackblitz.com/edit/react-ts-qga3vc

Answer 6

I found this the most simple when toggling boolean values. Simply put if the value is already true then it sets it to false and vice versa. Beware of undefined errors, make sure your property was defined before executing

this.setState({
   propertyName: this.propertyName = !this.propertyName
});

Answer 7

Depending on your context; this will allow you to update state given the mouseEnter function. Either way, by setting a state value to either true:false you can update that state value given any function by setting it to the opposing value with !this.state.variable

state = {
  hover: false
}

onMouseEnter = () => {
  this.setState({
    hover: !this.state.hover
  });
};

Answer 8

I was landed in this page when I am searching to use toggle state in React component using Redux but I don't find here any approach using the same.

So, I think it might help someone who was struggling to implement toggle state using Redux.

My reducer file goes here. I get the initial state false by default.

const INITIAL_STATE = { popup: false };
export default (state = INITIAL_STATE, action) => {
    switch (action.type) {
        case "POPUP":
            return {
                ...state,
                popup: action.value
            };
        default:
            return state;
    }
    return state;
};

I change state on clicking the image. So, my img tag goes here with onClick function.

<img onClick={togglePopup} src={props.currentUser.image} className="avatar-image avatar-image--icon" />

My Toggle Popup function goes below, which call Dispatcher.

const togglePopup = ev => {
    ev.preventDefault();
    props.handlePopup(!props.popup);
};

This call goes to below mapDispatchToProps function which reflects back the toggled state.

const mapDispatchToProps = dispatch => ({
    handlePopup: value => dispatch({ type: "POPUP", value })
});

Thank you.

Answer 9

I know this is an old question, but this is a very common use case.

If you want to simply toggle a boolean state with hooks:

setIsToggled(state => !state)

You just provide a callback which accepts current state.

Answer 10

Set: const [state, setState] = useState(1);

Toggle: setState(state*-1);

Use: state > 0 ? 'on' : 'off';