'How PAE (Physical Address Extension) Works?

From Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_Address_Extension

PAE... allowing these CPUs to directly access a physical address space larger than 4 gigabytes (232 bytes).

I looked at the implementation, but it's not clear to me how the changes allow such thing at all?

Looking at the following images before and after:

Before PAE

After PAE

We can clearly see tge address is 32 bits yet...

My question is, how can I really calculate what's the new limit for the CPU to access? How can I see that from the above images?



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